We have been exploring how themes related to particular emerging technologies relate to big ideas about learning. One new technology that you may be familiar with—and may even be using right now—is 5G, which refers to the fifth generation of wireless networks. Some of the benefits of this new technology include lower latency, the ability to connect more devices simultaneously, reduced interference, increased network capability, and the ability to be rolled out incrementally. These features of 5G offer useful metaphors for understanding key principles in learning science. Let's explore how they can illuminate critical ideas about effective learning and instruction.
Lower Latency ←→ Quicker Feedback
5G can achieve end-to-end latency as low as 1 millisecond. This sort of instantaneous communication can unlock many interesting applications, such as remote-controlled surgeries.
When it comes to learning, having real-time responses, and, in particular, feedback to one’s work is also quite powerful. Research has found that receiving feedback right away can have a number of benefits. It can help students correct mistakes more quickly, improving their understanding right when they are feeling confused. Including explanatory language in wrong-answer feedback is a particularly useful thing to do; not only can it help correct mistakes, it can also help learners avoid negative emotions, such as frustration and hopelessness, that might otherwise lead them to give up.
Lower Interference ←→ Managed Cognitive Load
5G's advanced encoding and antenna technologies minimize signal interference, resulting in clearer, more reliable connections. This principle of reducing noise to enhance the primary signal has a direct parallel in learning science.
Specifically, cognitive load theory, a cornerstone of modern instructional design, posits that humans have limited cognitive resources for processing information. When extraneous or distracting elements are present, it becomes challenging to focus on and internalize critical information. Just as 5G aims to deliver a cleaner signal, effective learning environments strive to manage cognitive load by eliminating unnecessary distractions, presenting information in easily digestible chunks, using multimodal approaches to distribute cognitive load, and providing clear, concise instructions and learning objectives. By managing cognitive load, we create optimal conditions for learners to engage with and retain new information.
Incremental Rollout ←→ Scaffolding
Unlike previous network upgrades that required disruptive overhauls, 5G can be deployed incrementally, minimizing service interruptions. This gradual implementation mirrors the educational concept of scaffolding—a process of providing temporary support to learners as they develop new skills and understanding.
Scaffolding in education involves breaking complex tasks into manageable steps, providing initial support and guidance, then gradually reducing assistance. This approach allows learners to build confidence and competence progressively, adapting the level of support based on individual needs. Like the phased rollout of 5G, scaffolding ensures a smooth transition from novice to expert, minimizing instructional time and maximizing learning outcomes.
Increased Network Capacity ←→ Collaborative Learning
5G networks are able to connect more devices simultaneously, which opens up new possibilities for large-scale, real-time interactions. In the learning context, this capacity can be likened to the power of collaborative learning environments, which helps learners make more progress together than they could individually. Collaborative learning exposes learners to diverse perspectives and problem-solving approaches, creates opportunities for peer teaching and learning, can help develop communication and teamwork skills, and enhances engagement and motivation through social interaction.
Building on existing foundations
The parallels between 5G and learning science reveal an interesting common thread: revolutionary advancements often arise from incremental progress. 5G, while heralded as a game-changing technology, builds upon and refines the foundations laid by previous generations of wireless networks. Similarly, breakthroughs in improving educational experiences typically emerge from years of research, testing, and gradual iterations in our understanding of how people learn.
As we continue to use technological advancements as a lens for thinking about key ideas in learning, it is worth noting that the most powerful changes are often a blend of combining tried-and-true methods with innovations. Pairing an understanding of the foundations of effective learning with capabilities unlocked by new technologies can help us create educational experiences that are both grounded in solid principles and capable of meeting the evolving needs of learners in our rapidly changing world.
